sweetas said:
The primary function of a resistor in the primary ignition coil circuit is to limit current flow, thus extinguish the spark.
It's not quite that simple Tony.
Coil resistors aren't there to extinguish the spark. In fact, they have little effect on the spark because they're in series with the primary winding of the coil. Whereas the current that makes the spark happens in the secondary winding.
The coils are designed to run on a lower voltage than the nominal 12V system. The reason for that is that when cranking the engine to start, the starter motor pulls the system voltage down to maybe 8V. If you have a coil that needs 12V to make a spark, the engine won't start.
But once the engine has started, the system voltage typically rises to around 14V because the charging system kicks in. That's likely to overheat an 8V coil, so it needs a series resistor to prevent the poor thing from being cooked.
That means there must be two power supplies to the coil. One directly from the battery (bypassing the resistors) when the starter motor is energised, and one via the resistor when running.
Oddly enough, the resistor bypass was never wired into Laverda starting circuits, so the resistors are always in the circuit with the coils, even when the starter button is pressed. If you want to give your coils a power boost while starting, you can run a starter-activated power supply to them. It's easy enough to do, just take a feed from the starter relay to the coil positive. But I'll either need a diode in it or be controlled by a relay so as not to back-feed the starter circuit while the engine is running.
sweetas said:
Modern ignition coils don't need external resistors because the coil circuit and materials are designed to saturate instantly when the spark (current flow) is generated.
You have that arse about. Coils don't saturate when the spark is generated, they de-saturate, or discharge. Anyway, coil saturation time has little to do with need for series resistors.
The saturation process happens when the coil is energised by the ignition system (or points) and current is flowing through the primary winding. It takes a little time for the magnetic field in the coil to come up to its maximum strength. That's what saturation means - the magnetic field is as strong as it's going to get. The time it takes to saturate is the dwell time needed by the coil. When the ignition system cuts the circuit, the coil's magnetic field collapses suddenly, inducing a high current in the secondary winding. Zap!
With a points type ignition, the coil is energised for whatever time the points are closed, which is controlled by the points cam, so is the same number of degrees of engine rotation regardless of engine revs. The actual time duration of the dwell gets shorter as the revs increase. But it has to be sufficient to saturate the coil at maximum revs. So when the engine is running slower than maximum revs, the dwell time is longer than it needs to be, and the coil is energised for longer than necessary, making it hot.
Electronic ignition systems overcome that issue by setting a fixed dwell
time rather than a number of degrees of crankshaft rotation. So the coil is energised for the same amount of time at all engine revs. That time being as long as the coil needs to reach saturation and no more. With the coil unloaded for most of the time, it'll run cooler, so it is less reliant on the series resistors for keeping its temperature within limits. In most cases you can chuck the series resistors away.