feel this needs to be clarified...
The table above shows 'AWG' verse 'mm'. It would appear that 'mm' shown in this table is the diameter of the cable including the insulation??. The thickness of the insulation can vary considerable as the insulation thickness usually determines the voltage rating of the cable and the duty (thicker insulation in heavy duty applications for physical damage). Therefore, the finished overall diameter of a cable has no real relevance to the conductor size (which carries the current).
The Cross sectional area (CSA) of the conductor (the copper bit) is measured in mm2.
Rough rules of thumb!! that I have used for 30 odd years
8.0Amp - 0.75mm2
10 Amp - 1.0mm2
15 Amp - 1.5mm2
25Amp - 2.5mm2
35 Amp - 4.0mm2
The CSA of the conductor is always printed on the wire spool along with the voltage rating of the cable. Length of cable run on a bike (max 3.0 metres?), would have little effect on voltage drop, therefore would not be a consideration in Cable selection.
The Connections (joints) are the biggest cause of voltage drop/heat buildup in a cable...