Europe does use metric tube sizes. Caused a major headache for me a while back when I constructed a vacuum system for a project at work from components sourced from Germany rather than the more typical US-of-apple-pie-A. While the flanges still complied with the Conflat geometry (ie taking the standard sized copper gasket and having the imperial bolt circle diameter), the typical US version would be something like 68.9mm OD mounted to 1.5"x16g (38.1 x 1.6mm) or sometimes 1-5/8"x16g (41.3x1.6mm) tubing. The German flanges were 70.0mm OD and mounted to 40 x 1.5 stainless tubing, which I'd never seen before. So yeah, metric tubing is a thing. You sometimes see exhaust tubing in metric if it's been made in Europe. I've never been able to source other than imperial sized tubing in Austraila, but it must be common enough in places like Germany and Italy.
Reminds me that various steels and aluminium round and flat bar stock which always used to be imperial in the good old U-S-of-Australia, is now sometimes metric sized. Perhaps this is more the case with aluminium, can't remember, but I've come across metric sized stock more in recent years. Probably because it's all made in Taiwan, Korea or wherever these days.